Asteroid g-2 experiments: new fifth-force and ultralight dark-sector tests
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Title: Asteroid g-2 experiments: new fifth-force and ultralight dark-sector tests
Speaker: Dr. Yu-Dai Tsai (Fermilab)
Abstract: We study for the first time the possibility of probing long-range fifth forces utilizing asteroid astrometric data, via the fifth force-induced orbital precession. We examine nine Near-Earth Object (NEO) asteroids whose orbital trajectories are accurately determined via optical and radar astrometry. Focusing on a Yukawa-type potential mediated by a new gauge field (dark photon) or a baryon-coupled scalar, we estimate the sensitivity reach for the fifth-force coupling strength and mediator mass in the mass range $m≃10^{−21} - 10^{−15}$ eV. Our estimated sensitivity is comparable to leading limits from torsion balance experiments, potentially exceeding these in a specific mass range. The fifth forced-induced precession increases with the orbital semi-major axis in the small m limit, motivating the study of objects further away from the Sun. We discuss future exciting prospects for extending our study to more than a million asteroids (including NEOs, main-belt asteroids, Hildas, and Jupiter Trojans), as well as trans-Neptunian objects and exoplanets.
This talk is based on a new paper, https://arxiv.org/abs/2107.04038
